{"id":46911,"date":"2026-01-03T15:24:26","date_gmt":"2026-01-03T15:24:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?page_id=46911"},"modified":"2026-01-13T22:27:45","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T22:27:45","slug":"ventilation-hvac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/ventilation-hvac\/","title":{"rendered":"Ventilation &amp; HVAC"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">From Engine Room Heat Rejection to Guest Comfort \u2014 A System That Touches Every Space<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Ventilation &amp; HVAC Are Not \u201cHotel Extras\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On a modern vessel, <strong>ventilation and HVAC are no longer comfort-only systems<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>safety systems<\/strong> (fire, fumes, pressure control)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>machinery protection systems<\/strong> (heat rejection, electronics survival)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>energy systems<\/strong> (often the <em>largest auxiliary load onboard<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>regulatory systems<\/strong> (SOLAS, MLC, ISO 7547, class rules)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>human-factor systems<\/strong> (crew performance, fatigue, passenger experience)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>On cruise ships and large yachts, HVAC can account for <strong>40\u201360% of total electrical load<\/strong>.<br>On fishing vessels, refrigeration and ventilation define <strong>catch quality and value<\/strong>.<br>In engine rooms, ventilation is the difference between stable operation and cascading failures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article treats ventilation &amp; HVAC as <strong>one integrated environmental control discipline<\/strong>, then breaks it down by vessel type and space \u2014 exactly how it is engineered and operated in reality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Table of Contents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fundamentals \u2013 Ventilation vs HVAC (Clear Definitions)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Regulatory &amp; Design Framework<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Core Building Blocks (Fans, Ducts, AHUs, Chillers)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pressure Zoning &amp; Fire Safety<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Engine Room Ventilation (All Vessel Types)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accommodation HVAC \u2013 General Merchant Ships<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cruise Ships \u2013 High-Density Hotel Plants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mega Yachts \u2013 Noise, Zoning &amp; Prestige Constraints<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fishing Vessels \u2013 HVAC + Refrigeration Integration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Energy, Efficiency &amp; Waste Heat Integration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Maintenance, Failure Modes &amp; Red Flags<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Engineering Takeaways<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Fundamentals \u2013 Ventilation vs HVAC (No More Confusion)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ventilation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ventilation is about <strong>air exchange<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>oxygen replenishment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>removal of CO\u2082, fumes, moisture, heat, odours<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pressure control between spaces<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ventilation can be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>natural<\/strong> (rare at sea)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>forced<\/strong> (fans: supply \/ exhaust)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HVAC (Heating, Ventilation &amp; Air Conditioning)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>HVAC includes ventilation <strong>plus<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>temperature control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>humidity control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>air filtration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sometimes air treatment (purification, dehumidification)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>On ships, the two are inseparable \u2014 <strong>ventilation ducts almost always cross fire boundaries and pressure zones<\/strong>, which is why they are regulated as safety systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Regulatory &amp; Design Framework (What Engineers Actually Design To)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Marine HVAC is governed by overlapping layers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ISO 7547<\/strong><br>Design temperatures, humidity, and fresh air rates for accommodation spaces.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SOLAS<\/strong><br>Fire dampers, duct penetrations, fail-safe closures, machinery ventilation requirements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Maritime Labour Convention (MLC)<\/strong><br>Adequate ventilation and air conditioning for crew health and habitability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Class rules (DNV, LR, ABS, etc.)<\/strong><br>Redundancy, materials, noise, accessibility, fire integrity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Key reality:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>HVAC is a <strong>compliance system<\/strong>, not just a comfort upgrade.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Core Building Blocks (Common to Almost All Ships)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fans<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Supply fans<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exhaust fans<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Often axial for large flows, centrifugal for higher pressure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Key constraints:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>vibration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>noise<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>salt corrosion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>continuous duty<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ductwork<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Galvanised steel, aluminium, stainless (yachts often insulated composites)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Internally lined for noise &amp; condensation control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fire dampers at zone boundaries (SOLAS critical)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Poor duct design causes more HVAC problems than bad chillers.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Air Handling Units (AHUs)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Functions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>mix fresh &amp; return air<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>filter particulates and salt<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>heat \/ cool air via coils<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dehumidify<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>distribute air via fans<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>AHUs are the <strong>heart of accommodation ventilation<\/strong> on cruise ships and large yachts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chillers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Produce chilled water (typically 6\u201310 \u00b0C)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Feed AHUs and Fan Coil Units (FCUs)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Usually indirect systems on larger vessels<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Common refrigerants:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>R134a (legacy)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Low-GWP replacements<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CO\u2082 (R744) emerging on passenger ships<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fan Coil Units (FCUs)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Local cabin units<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Allow individual temperature control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2-pipe \/ 3-pipe \/ 4-pipe systems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Pressure Zoning &amp; Fire Safety (Often Missed)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ships deliberately maintain <strong>pressure differentials<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Space<\/th><th>Typical Pressure<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Accommodation<\/td><td>Slightly positive<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Galleys<\/td><td>Negative<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Stores \/ Larders<\/td><td>Negative<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Engine room<\/td><td>Negative<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Control rooms<\/td><td>Slightly positive<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Why:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Prevent smells, smoke, or fumes migrating into accommodation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support fire containment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This is why:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>engine room doors feel \u201cheavy\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>galley smells stay in galleys<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>beach club doors can be hard to open on yachts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Fire dampers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>close automatically on fire detection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>must be <strong>accessible, testable, fail-safe<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Engine Room Ventilation (All Vessel Types)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Purpose<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Remove heat from engines, generators, boilers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supply combustion air<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Remove oil vapours and fumes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Design Targets<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Maintain engine room temperature typically \u226445 \u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avoid hot spots around turbochargers and exhausts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensure sufficient combustion air at all loads<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Typical Arrangement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Large axial supply fans<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>High-level exhaust<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Emergency stop on fire detection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fire flaps and dampers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Failure modes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>fan failure \u2192 overheating cascade<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>blocked louvers \u2192 turbocharger derating<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>poor airflow \u2192 alternator insulation failure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Engine room ventilation is <strong>machinery protection<\/strong>, not comfort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Accommodation HVAC \u2013 Merchant Ships<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Typical merchant vessel:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Central AHUs serving accommodation zones<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Limited zoning compared to cruise\/yacht<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Heating often via:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>hot water from waste heat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>electric heaters in cold climates<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Design basis (ISO 7547):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Summer: ~27 \u00b0C \/ 50% RH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Winter: ~22 \u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fresh air: minimum ~40% of supply air<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Primary risks:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>condensation behind linings<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mould growth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>poor filtration in dusty ports<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Cruise Ships \u2013 Floating Cities<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cruise ships are <strong>HVAC-dominated vessels<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Energy Reality<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hotel load \u2248 40\u201360% of total energy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HVAC alone can exceed <strong>10 MW<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Architecture<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Decentralised AHUs per zone<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enthalpy wheels for energy recovery<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chilled water distribution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extensive redundancy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Design constraints:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ultra-low noise<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vibration isolation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>continuous operation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>passenger comfort variability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Advanced features:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>energy recovery from exhaust air<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>free cooling when seawater permits<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>integration with waste heat systems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>HVAC is <strong>the largest hotel system onboard<\/strong> \u2014 larger than galleys, laundries, or lighting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. Mega Yachts \u2013 Precision, Silence &amp; Zoning<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mega yachts (&gt;30 m) demand:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>extreme noise control<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fine-grained zoning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>discreet equipment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>high redundancy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preferred Architecture<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Chilled water loop<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Local FCUs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>EC fans for smooth modulation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Titanium condensers (corrosion resistance)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Unique challenges:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>guest comfort expectations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>variable itineraries (Med \u2194 Arctic)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HVAC running <strong>100% of the time<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HVAC = <strong>largest auxiliary energy consumer<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>On yachts, HVAC performance directly affects:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>charter value<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>guest satisfaction<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>interior preservation (wood, leather, artwork)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. Fishing Vessels \u2013 HVAC + Refrigeration as One System<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fishing vessels blur the line between:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>HVAC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>refrigeration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>process cooling<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Refrigerated Seawater (RSW)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Used on pelagic vessels<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Large refrigeration loads (1\u20133 MW)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Often ammonia (R717) or CO\u2082 (R744)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Freezing Vessels<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Plate freezers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cold stores<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Long voyages (weeks)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ventilation roles:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>remove moisture<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>control odours<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>protect crew health<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>manage cold-room heat loads<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Waste heat from engines and refrigeration is increasingly reused for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>accommodation heating<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>domestic hot water<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. Energy, Efficiency &amp; Waste Heat Integration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern marine HVAC focuses on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>variable-speed fans &amp; pumps<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>demand-based control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>heat recovery<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>low-GWP refrigerants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>smart monitoring<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Key insight:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Reducing HVAC load often saves more fuel than optimising propulsion on passenger vessels.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Waste heat sources:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>jacket water<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>exhaust gas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>refrigeration discharge<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. Maintenance, Failure Modes &amp; Red Flags<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common Red Flags<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>musty smells<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sweating ducts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>uneven cabin temperatures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>unexplained generator load increase<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>short-cycling compressors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Routine Tasks<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>filter changes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>drain and trap inspection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>coil cleaning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>damper testing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sensor calibration<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>HVAC failures rarely stop the ship \u2014<br>they <strong>quietly destroy comfort, interiors, and crew morale<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12. Final Engineering Takeaways<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ventilation &amp; HVAC are <strong>safety, energy, and compliance systems<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One size never fits all \u2014 vessel type dictates architecture<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Engine room ventilation protects machinery life<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Passenger vessels live or die by HVAC performance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HVAC is now a <strong>primary decarbonisation target<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Understanding HVAC improves fault-finding across multiple systems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>HVAC may be quiet \u2014 but it is never trivial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From Engine Room Heat Rejection to Guest Comfort \u2014 A System That Touches Every Space Why Ventilation &amp; HVAC Are Not \u201cHotel Extras\u201d On a modern vessel, ventilation and HVAC are no longer comfort-only systems. They are: On cruise ships and large yachts, HVAC can account for 40\u201360% of total electrical load.On fishing vessels, refrigeration [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":199,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","c2c-post-author-ip":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[43,10,7,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46911","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aux-machinery","category-bridge","category-engine-room","category-mechanical"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46911","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/199"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46911"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46911\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47864,"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46911\/revisions\/47864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46911"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46911"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maritimehub.co.uk\/?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}